How Does 3D Chalk Art Work?
3D chalk art is a form of optical illusion. Artists create the 3D illusion by distorting their designs in a specific way based on the principles of anamorphic perspective. Put simply, the drawing is stretched out on the ground. It gets longer and wider as it moves further away from the viewing point. When viewed from the correct location the artwork appears to be three-dimensional. But as you move away from the viewing point the distortion becomes more visible. When standing on the wrong side of the image it can look so stretched that you will have a hard time understanding what you are looking at.
Below is an example of a 3D street painting photographed from the correct viewing point. The next photo shows the distortion when viewed from the side.
Artists usually create these drawings directly on the street or sidewalk using soft pastel chalk. They can also create the artwork using temporary or permanent paints.
3D street art looks best when viewed from one specific viewing point and usually through a camera. The camera helps enhance the 3D illusion because it only has one “eye” and lacks true depth perception.
Interacting with the Art
One of the most exciting aspects of 3D chalk art is interacting with the finished product. People can pose on the artwork in ways that makes it look like they are part of the scene. Here are some examples of interactive 3D drawings I have created over the years.
I create my interactive artwork using tempera paint instead of chalk. This allows people to walk or sit on the artwork without causing any damage or getting chalk on their clothes.
Origins and Growth of 3D Chalk Art
Kurt Wenner invented 3D pavement art in 1984. Since then, artists like Julian Beever, Tracy Lee Stum and David Zinn have helped propel chalk art to new heights. As this art form becomes more popular, chalk art festivals are popping up all around the country.
I got my start in the chalk art world at the Denver Chalk Art Festival in 2012. I have learned so much and made so many great friends by participating in chalk art festivals around the country. Check out this event list to find a festival near you!
3D Street Painting
3D Street painting is similar to chalk art, but the artwork is created using more durable paints. This makes the artwork more weather resistant and allows people to walk on the paintings for interactive photo opportunities.
Artists can create street paintings using temporary or permanent paint
- Tempera paint is a water based, non-toxic paint that can be applied to directly to the street or sidewalk. Once dry, people can walk on the paint without causing any damage to the artwork. This paint is rain resistant. However, a power washer can easily wash it away at the end of an event.
- Acrylic and latex paints are used for more permanent installations. These paints can be applied directly to walls or a secondary material like canvas or vinyl. Creating a 3D street painting on vinyl can be a great option. It is useful if you don’t have the ability to paint directly on the ground. It is also beneficial if the artwork needs to be moved between multiple locations.
